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Referees

THE PENALTIES

OFFENSE
Referee
Down Judge
Umpire
Line Judge

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DEFENSE
Back Judge
Side Judge
Field Judge
 

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GOOD CALL

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BAD CALL

There's a team of men who make sure that the rules of the game are followed called the referees.  They can either make a "GOOD" call or a "BAD" one for teams.  These can often change the game so mistakes made aren't helpful to your team.  A penalty can either make your team move backward or make them move forward throughout the game. 
 

YELLOW FLAG 

If they throw a yellow flag on the ground it's because they caught somebody doing something!  Each penalty has a yard value (below) to move backward or forward.  

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OFFENSE PENALTIES

OFFENSIVE HOLDING: 
When a player on the offensive line is caught holding a player on the other team (grabbing the guy with his hands) 
Penalty: Offense moves backwards 10 yards


FALSE START:
When a player on the offensive line moves any part of his body prior to the snap of the ball.
Penalty: Offense moves backwards 5 yards


DELAY OF GAME:
If the quarterback doesn't snap the ball within the 40 seconds allowed between each play it is considered a delay to the game.
Penalty: Offense moves backwards 5 yards




DEFENSE PENALTIES

ENCROACHMENT:
If a guy on the defensive line moves across the line of scrimmage prior to the ball being snapped.
Penalty: Offense moves forward 5 yards


DEFENSIVE HOLDING:
When a defender holds or tackles someone on the offense other than the guy carrying the ball.
Penalty: Offense moves 5 yards and an automatic first down is awarded


PASS INTERFERENCE:
When someone on the offense is ready to catch the ball and the defender holds, grabs, tackles him so he can't catch it, the referees will move the ball to the spot of the penalty. Assuming the receiver could have caught the ball.
Penalty: The offense gets the ball spotted at the spot of the penalty and advances the ball forward.


OFFENSE OR DEFENSE CALLS

PERSONAL FOUL:
If any player does any illegal movements basically to harm another player on the field it's one of the worst penalties you can get.  The NFL does everything they can to protect the health of the players.
Penalty: Move back 15 yards or gain15 yards


HELMET TO HELMET:
This is NOT good.  A player is endangering someone's health.  If you are caught doing this, the player is at risk being thrown out of the game.
Penalty: Whichever team commits the infraction the ball moves 15 yards forward or backward.




 

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